bdmaee: an efficient amine catalyst for spray polyurethane rigid foam (spf) applications abstract: n,n-bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether (bdmaee) is a tertiary amine catalyst widely employed in the production of spray polyurethane rigid foam (spf). this article provides a comprehensive review of bdmaee’s application in spf formulations, focusing on its catalytic activity, impact on foam properties, reaction mechanisms, and...