introduction n,n-dimethylcyclohexylamine (dmcha), a tertiary amine catalyst, is widely used in the production of polyurethane (pu) foams, coatings, elastomers, and adhesives. its high catalytic activity, particularly in promoting the blowing (water-isocyanate reaction) and gelling (polyol-isocyanate reaction) reactions, makes it a popular choice in the industry. however, dmcha suffers from a significant drawback: its strong, unpleasant...